The authors describe the formation of an adult person’s lexicon, including multistage processes of inclusion/replacement of lexical units. Dynamic processes in the structure of language personality are constant, but the intensity of these processes can be caused both by the external factors and the potential of language personality. The acquisition of new language and mental zones, as well as the changes in the significance level of language unit (so called “vocabulary cleaning”) have the same nature and the same stages. These stages include looking for a new word or inappropriate “old” word, defining its significance level, comparing the certain word with the rest of vocabulary (firstly with its synonyms), building the micro-paradigm of the rival (correlated) words, learning to mine the usual meaning and then – the new one, commented by the usual, and at the very end – the new word, marked as new, recently acquired word.
Dynamic processes in the personal vocabulary enable to characterize the person in a certain way, introducing new aspects in the typology of language personalities that are language sensitivity /insensitivity, quality, speed and ways of changes in the personality’s lexicon.